The Treaty of Lausanne was signed in Lausanne, Switzerland, on 24 July 1923 by the British Empire, France, Italy, Japan, Greece, Romania, and the Serb-Croat-Slovene State on one part, and Turkey on the other part, and became effective on 6 August 1924. The Lausanne Conference started opened on 20 October 1922; negotiations were halted amid intense disputes on 4 February 1923 and resumed on 23 April.

The Treaty includes the following parts:

Ι.          Treaty of Peace

Part I:  Political Clauses

Part II: Financial Clauses

Part III: Economic Clauses

Part IV: Communications and Sanitary Questions

Part V: Miscellaneous Provisions

II.         Convention “Relating to the Régime of the Straits”

III.        Convention “Respecting the Thracian Frontiers”

IV.        Convention “Respecting Conditions of Residence and Business and Jurisdiction”

V.        “Commercial” Convention

VI.        Convention “Concerning the Exchange of Greek and Turkish Populations”

VIΙ.      “Agreement Between Greece and Turkey Respecting the Reciprocal Restitution of Interned Civilians and the Exchange of Prisoners of War”

VIII.     Declaration Relating to the Amnesty

IX.       Declaration Relating to Muslim Properties in Greece

Χ.        Declaration Relating to Sanitary Matters in Turkey

ΧΙ.       Declaration Relating to the Administration of Justice in Turkey

ΧΙΙ. Protocol Relating to Certain Concessions Granted in the Ottoman Empire

ΧΙΙΙ.     Protocol Relating to the Accession of Belgium and Portugal to Certain Provisions and Instruments Signed at Lausanne and Declarations by the Delegates of these two Powers Relating to such Accession

ΧΙV.    Protocol Relating to the Evacuation of the Turkish Territory Occupied by the British, French, and Italian Forces and Declaration Attached to the Above

ΧV.      Protocol Relative to the Karagatch territory and the Islands of Imbros and Tenedos Signed by the British Empire, France, Italy, Japan, Greece, and Turkey

ΧVΙ.    Protocol Relating to the Treaty Concluded at Sèvres Between the Principal Allied Powers and Greece on August 10, 1920, Concerning the Protection of Minorities in Greece, and the Treaty Concluded on the Same Day Between the Same Powers Relating to Thrace

ΧVΙΙ.    Protocol Relating to Signature by the Serb-Croat-Slovene State

ΧVΙΙΙ. Final Act of the Lausanne Conference

The Treaty of Lausanne is an international treaty delimiting the boundaries and relations between Turkey and other countries after WWI and the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire. With its signing, the Treaty of Sèvres was superseded and territorial, economic, and minority disputes were settled anew, as seen in its provisions.

An important part of the Treaty was the exchange of minorities, which caused mass population movements. In particular, approximately 1,650,000 Christians left Asia Minor and Eastern Thrace and settled in Greece as refugees, while approximately 650,000 Muslims left Greece for Turkey.

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